Lamb The Gospel According to Biff, Christ’s Childhood Pal Chapter 15 Free Essays

string(22) thing is outside it. Section 15 Joshua and Balthasar rode into Kabul during a period of night when just cutthroats and prostitutes were about (the prostitutes offering the â€Å"cutthroat discount† after 12 PM to advance business). The old wizard had nodded off to the beat of his camel’s loping stride, a demonstration that almost astounded Joshua as much as the entire evil spirit business, as he invested the majority of his energy in camelback doing whatever it takes not to vomit †nausea of the desert, they call it. Joshua flicked the old man’s leg with the remaining detail of his camel’s harness, and the magus came conscious grunting. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sheep: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ’s Childhood Pal Chapter 15 or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now â€Å"What right? Are we there?† â€Å"Can you control the evil spirit, elderly person? Are we close enough for you to recover control?† Balthasar shut his eyes and Joshua believed that he may be resting once more, aside from his hands started to tremble with some concealed exertion. Following a couple of moments he opened his eyes once more. â€Å"I can’t tell.† â€Å"Well, you could tell that he was out.† â€Å"That resembled an influx of agony in my spirit. I’m not in close contact with the devil consistently. We are presumably excessively far away still.† â€Å"Horses,† Joshua said. â€Å"They’ll be quicker. Let’s go wake up the stable master.† Joshua drove them through the roads to the steady where we had boarded our camels when we came to town to mend the blinded desperado. There were no lights consuming inside, yet a half-exposed prostitute presented enticingly in the entryway. â€Å"Special for cutthroats,† she said in Latin. â€Å"Two for one, however no discounts if the elderly person can’t do the business.† It had been for such a long time since he’d heard the language that it took Joshua one moment to react. â€Å"Thank you, yet we’re not cutthroats,† Joshua said. He ventured past her and beat on the entryway. She ran a fingernail down his back as he paused. â€Å"What right? Perhaps there’s another special.† Joshua didn’t even think back. â€Å"He’s a 200 and-sixty-year-old wizard and I’m either the Messiah or a sad faker.† â€Å"Uh, no doubt, I think there is an uncommon rate for fakers, yet the wizard needs to pay full price.† Joshua could hear blending within the stable master’s house and a voice calling for him to hang tight, which is the thing that steady bosses consistently state when they make you pause. Joshua went to the prostitute and contacted her tenderly on the temple. â€Å"Go, and sin no more,† he said in Latin. â€Å"Right, and what do I accomplish professionally at that point, scoop shit?† Simply then the steady ace opened up the entryway. He was short and bent-legged and wore a long mustache that made him resemble an evaporated catfish. â€Å"What is essential to the point that my significant other couldn’t handle it?† â€Å"Your wife?† The prostitute ran her nail over the rear of Joshua’s neck as she passed him and ventured into the house. â€Å"Missed your chance,† she said. â€Å"Woman, what are you doing around here anyway?† asked the steady ace. Euphoria hurried out onto the arrival and pulled a short, expansive bladed dark knife from the folds of her robe. The parts of the bargains stepping stool were influencing before her as the beast slid. â€Å"No, Joy,† I stated, contacting pull her go into the cavern. â€Å"You can’t hurt it.† â€Å"Don’t be so sure.† She turned and smiled at me, at that point ran the blade twice over the thick ropes on one side leaving it appended by just a couple of filaments, at that point she came to up a couple of rungs and cut almost the entire way through the opposite side of the stepping stool. I couldn’t accept how effectively she’d slice through the rope. She ventured over into the way and held the sharp edge up so it got the starlight. â€Å"Glass,† she stated, â€Å"from a spring of gushing lava. It’s a thousand times more keen than any edge on an iron blade.† She set the knife aside and pulled me again into the path, sufficiently far so we could see the passageway and the arrival. I could hear the beast coming nearer, at that point a gigantic pawed foot showed up in outline in the passageway, at that point the other foot. We held our breath as the beast arrived at the cut segment of the stepping stool. Almost an entire huge thigh was noticeable now, and one of his talonlike hands was coming to down for another hold when the stepping stool snapped. Out of nowhere the beast hung sideways, swinging from his hang on a solitary rope before the passage. He took a gander at us, the fierceness in his yellow eyes swapped for a second by disarray. His weathered bat ears rose in interest, and he stated, â€Å"Hey?† Then the subsequent rope woke up and he plunged from our view. We headed out to the arrival and investigated the edge. It was at any rate a thousand feet to the floor of the valley. We could just observe a few hundred feet down in obscurity, yet it was a few hundred feet of bluff face that was obviously monsterless. â€Å"Nice,† I said to Joy. â€Å"We need to go. Now.† â€Å"You don’t believe that did it?† â€Å"Did you hear anything hit bottom?† â€Å"No,† I said. â€Å"Neither did I,† she said. â€Å"We would do well to get going.† We’d left the water skins at the highest point of the level and Joy needed to snatch some from the kitchen yet I hauled her toward the front passage by the neckline. â€Å"We need to get as distant from here as we can. Biting the dust of thirst is the least of my worries.† Once we were in the fundamental region of the stronghold there was sufficient light to arrange the corridors without a light, which was acceptable, in light of the fact that I wouldn’t let Joy stop to light one. As we adjusted the flight of stairs to the third level Joy yanked me back, practically off my feet, and I pivoted as distraught as a feline. â€Å"What? Let’s escape here!† I shouted at her. â€Å"No, this is the last level with windows. I’m not experiencing the front entryway not knowing whether that thing is outside it. You read Sheep: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ’s Childhood Pal Chapter 15 in class Article examples† â€Å"Don’t be strange, it would take a man on a quick pony a half hour to make it around from the other side.† â€Å"But imagine a scenario in which it didn’t fall as far as possible. Imagine a scenario in which it moved back up?†. â€Å"That would take hours. Please, Joy. We could be miles from here when he arrives from the other side.† â€Å"No!† She cleared my feet free from me and I landed level on my back on the stone floor. When I was on my feet again she had gone through the front chamber and was hanging out the window. As I moved toward her she held her finger to her lips. â€Å"It’s down there, waiting.† I pulled her aside and looked down. Sufficiently sure, the brute was approaching before the iron entryway, standing by to snatch the edge in its paws and tear it open when we tossed the jolts. â€Å"Maybe it can’t get in,† I murmured. â€Å"It couldn’t get past the other iron door.† â€Å"You didn’t comprehend the images all over that room, did you?† I shook my head. â€Å"They were control images †to contain a djinn, or an evil spirit. The front entryway doesn’t have any on it. It won’t hold him back.† â€Å"So why isn’t he coming in?† â€Å"Why pursue us when we will come right to him?† Simply then the beast gazed upward and I hurled myself over from the window. â€Å"I don’t think he saw me,† I murmured, splashing Joy with spit. At that point the beast started to whistle. It was a glad tune, happy, something like you may whistle while you were cleaning the blanched skull of your most recent casualty. â€Å"I’m not following anybody or anything,† the beast stated, a lot stronger than would have been required had he been conversing with himself. â€Å"Nope, not me. Simply remaining here for a second. In any case, nobody is here, I surmise I’ll be on my way.† He started to whistle again and we could hear strides getting calmer alongside the whistling. They weren’t moving endlessly, they were simply getting calmer. Bliss and I peered out the window to see the tremendous brute doing an overstated emulate of strolling, similarly as his whistle failed. â€Å"What?† I yelled down, irate at this point. â€Å"Did you think we wouldn’t look?† The beast shrugged. â€Å"It merited an attempt. I figured I wasn’t managing a virtuoso when you opened the entryway in the first place.† â€Å"What’d he state? What’d he say?† Joy recited behind me. â€Å"He said he doesn’t think you’re very smart.† â€Å"Tell him that I’m not the person who has gone through every one of these years secured in obscurity playing with myself.† I pulled over from the window and took a gander at Joy. â€Å"Do you figure he could fit however this window?† She peered toward the window. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Then I’m not going to let him know. It may make him angry.† Satisfaction pushed me aside, ventured up on the windowsill, pivoted and confronted me, at that point pulled up her robe and peed in reverse out the window. Her parity was astonishing. From the snarling beneath, I accumulated that her exactness wasn’t awful either. She completed and hopped down. I peered out the window at the beast, who was shaking pee from its ears like a wet pooch. â€Å"Sorry,† I stated, â€Å"language issue. I didn’t know how to translate.† The beast snarled and the muscles in its shoulders strained underneath the scales, at that point it let free with a punch that sent its clench hand completel

The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill Free Essays

The Role of Group Work In Enhancing Speaking Skill In Primary Level The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill in Primary Level Effective language abilities are fundamental for youngsters to get to the educational plan. In the study hall, communicated in language is the essential medium through which instructors educate and kids learn. In building up their talking abilities, kids need to figure out how to adjust their discussion to the audience members; utilize a scope of approaches to communicate; use converse with explain their thoughts and continue their discussion to create thinking and thinking. We will compose a custom article test on The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now It is normal that when youngsters start elementary school, they will have the option to see a lot of what is stated, communicate obviously, share their emotions and make their necessities known. This degree of capability in discourse, language and correspondence is basic to the advancement of a child’s subjective, social and enthusiastic prosperity. Talking ought to incorporate articulating musings and partaking in gatherings; accepting open doors to talk at some length to clarify thoughts in various circumstances; giving a discussion or introduction utilizing signals, helps and logical gadgets. This paper will investigate the various kinds of gathering work and its instrument of upgrading the talking aptitude in the essential level. This will be done through checking on various research made in this field. The reason for this paper is to take a gander at the significance of gathering work in the beginning periods to improve the talking ability of understudies. Gathering Group work is a significant piece of our way of life and life; and organizations presently see cooperation aptitudes while assessing any representative. Accordingly, it is significant for both, understudies and instructors, to figure out how to work in a gathering workplace. Research demonstrates that understudies get familiar with the errands better through including oral collaboration, in gathering, which depends on a genuine endeavor to locate an aggregate answer for issues. We decided to investigate this region to see whether gathering work fills in as a significant action for understudies to concentrate on important arrangement and data trade. We are a lot of worried about getting understudies to talk and to invigorate their advantage and creative mind. Since bunch work can improve learning and is a truly necessary ability in upgrading talking aptitude, it ought to be practiced routinely in the homeroom. Commented on Bibliography: The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill in Primary Level Baines, E. , Kutnick, P. , Blatchford, P. (2009). Advancing powerful gathering work in the essential study hall: a handbook for instructors and experts. USA and Canada: Routledge. This handbook investigates how student bunch work can be made progressively successful on the side of children’s learning. It depends on an examination study, known as the Social Pedagogic Research into Group work (SPRinG), which created and assessed another way to deal with bunch work in grade schools. Boussiada, S. (2010). Upgrading students’ oral capability through helpful gathering work: the instance of third year LMD understudies of English at Constantine University. Master’s Thesis, University of Constantine, Algeria. In her examination, Boussiada investigates the impacts of agreeable gathering deal with improving learners’ oral capability and informative abilities. She is mostly worried about utilizing pair or little gathering to expand students? oral creation. She likewise endeavors to reveal some insight into the significance of setting up a loose and well disposed condition as an endeavor to get students to utilize the language. Lee, W. (2008). Discourse, language and correspondence needs and elementary school-matured kids. I Can Talk Series, Issue 6, 13-18. Recovered March 21, 2012, from http://www. ican. organization. uk/~/media/Ican2/Whats%20the%20Issue/Evidence/6%20Speech%20%20Language%20and%20Communication%20Needs%20and%20Primary%20School%20aged%20Children. ashx This report plots the nature and degree of Speech, Language and Communication Needs (SLCN) in grade schools, what this implies for kids and their families and what should be possible to guarantee elementary school is a positive, improving encounter for kids with SLCN. Richards, J. (2008). Showing tuning in and talking: from hypothesis to rehearse. NY: Cambridge University Press. Richards investigates ways to deal with the educating of tuning in and talking which have experienced significant changes as of late, and their suggestions for study hall instructing and materials plan. He will probably inspect what applied semantics research and hypothesis says about the idea of tuning in and talking aptitudes, and afterward to investigate what the suggestions are for homeroom showing Jones, L. (2007). The understudy focused study hall. NY: Cambridge University Press. Step by step instructions to refer to The Role of Group Work in Enhancing Speaking Skill, Essay models

Dave Sifry

Dave Sifry INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi today we are in San Francisco with Dave from Technorati. Dave, who are you and what do you do?Dave: My name is Dave Sifry and I am the founder and have done a bunch of different jobs over in Technorati.Martin: Okay.Martin: Please introduce yourself and tell us a little bit about your background, what you did before you started this company.Dave: Sure. So, I grew up in Long Island, a suburb of New York and I grew up with just two terrific parents, both of them who were teachers. And I think that that actually brought out this they taught something to me around the joy of watching somebody’s lights go on, like watching them when they really get something and that was really something I enjoyed. But at the same time I was also a very nervous and geeky kid.So my dad as a teacher one summer brought home my first computer which was a commodore pet, the big metal computer with the chicklet keyboard and literally a cassette tape drive. And he said, ‘You know, I am bringing this home so it doesn’t get stolen’, because he worked Bushwick which was not a very good neighborhood. Nowadays, it’s actually great neighborhood in Brooklyn but back then it was not a terribly good neighborhood and they had security guards on the doors in the schools and so on. So he brought it home and said, ‘Go do whatever you want with it’. And I was fascinated, I mean I just took to it and it spent the entire summer just teaching myself how to program Basic. And I wrote my first programs and you can get that incredible sense of just like what does it feel like to build something by yourself and sort of be the master of that little world and that was great and I really enjoyed it and got a number of different computers.When I got into high school, I got social again, like I really wanted to be able to go out and engage with the world. And I realized that wow, like there are all these skills, these things that I can do where I can help people, they would come to me and they was like, ‘Oh we have these consulting projects like could you build this for me or build that for me’? For them I could imagine they were probably thinking of, ‘I got this high school and he’s building this thing that I would have to spend thousands of dollars on, I give him a few hundred dollars’. And for me I was like, wow, this is fabulous, this is more money than I have seen, than my parents have ever given me. And so I got really bitten by the entrepreneurial bug.In college I studied computer science down at Baltimore and during the summers and even during the year like I would have a computer consultant business on the side just to be able to pay the bills and pay my way through college and that was fabulous like really just enjoyed it. Just loved selling, I loved being able to help people solve their problems and it was great having a skill that for me was easy and fun and that for other people like they were getting a tremendous amount of value fro m it.And when I got out of college I went to my first big company where I went to work for Mitsubishi Electric in Japan and I spent there about three and a half years being the first foreigner in my factory in 17 years so it was like me and 4,700 Japanese people. And that was a fantastic experience just in a different way to be able to see what it’s like to live in another culture and to learn to speak Japanese and to see how other people live. But also on the other side it really thought me, ‘Oh, so this is what working in a big company is like’. And I realized that that was just really unsatisfying for me. I love to be able to participate in decisions and see what I was doing and how it directly affected people.And also this was like the early 1990s and you know you would hear about all these magical places and a place called Sunnyvale, and Oakland, and Walnut Creek or these places that just fired the imagination; Cupertino, Mountain View, San Francisco. Just the names of i t just sounded fabulous. I knew that I wanted to come out here and went in and worked on Wall Street for about a year when I got back from Japan but that was all just a launch pad for me, like I just knew, like it was fabulous and it was great to learn something about how the market worked but all I really wanted to do was to get out here and so I came out here in 1995. My impression of Silicon Valley at the time by the way was Santa Cruz, which if you know anything about Silicon Valley, it’s sort of like, that’s way over the hill, the hippy dippy place back then. But it was great place to just at least get settled and to learn what’s going on.I get very heavily involved in the open sourced company, particularly around Linux and other open source software. So, by getting involved with that community and then reallyâ€"relatively early day, I got to know a lot of those people like, Linus Torwalds. Whenever he would come into town we would have like a user group meeting. And then as Linux was taking off, my first business it started from the consulting that I was doing, found 2 partners and we thought like let’s go and let’s go build a business together based on this, Linux based open sourced VPN system. Which now a days people think, ‘Oh, VPN sure. But back then in 1995 people were like, ‘What’s a VPN and what’s this Linux thing? And you don’t pay for it And how you guys going to make money,’, and sorts of big questions that no one really understood and could explain well. And that business didn’t really do well, but what we learned from it was we learned a tonne just about banging on doors and how to write a business plan. I mean, we ended up writing a business plan that was about that thick. And what I realized afterwards was: wow, we spent all this time writing a business plan and not very much time actually running a business; and that you can really get caught up in this idea of, ‘Ooh, we need to figure out who all of our customers are going to be, and what the competitive market place is, and how are we going to do product marketing, and then not actually ever any of that stuff. So, the other half of this was to learn that the best business plans are literally ones that I can write on the back of a napkin. Because if you can articulate your value proposition that clearly you’ve probably got something that’s going to be really interesting.But back then we didn’t know; we were kid’s; we were just figuring all this stuff out and so that business was just called Secure Remote, really justâ€"it failed. But we got to know a lot of people in the valleyVery interestingly, so this was in around September of 1998, so my two friends and I who were pretty heavily involved in Linux community realized, ‘Wow, you know what, it’s too late, we missed the boat on this particular product’. Big companies like Cisco were coming out with competitive products and so we said, ‘How about insteadâ€"like what it is tha t we are 6-9 months ahead of everything else and that we think we could actually build a business around’ and so we were all kind ofâ€"like literally we were standing in the parking lot of one the VCs here on Sand Hill road and after very nicely having our hats handed to us again like, ‘We love you guys but we just don’t see what the business is’.FOUNDING LINUXCAREAnd one of my partners said, ‘What about service for Linux, there is nobody that is out there that’s doing Tech Support or professional services or any of that stuff for this operating system?’ He was an old Apple guy and so essentially what he said was like, ‘How come there is no Apple care for Linux’ And all three of us looked at each other, we were like, ‘Oh my God, of course’ and so on that day Linuxcare was born. And that company was the exact contract where I remember we had, I mean we spent maybe a week re-writing some of the business plan and so now the business plan is this thick. And we’re just thinking, look it’s service and support for all things Linux. We knew all of the people who were involved in the community and we went to go, ‘Okay we are going to do a big launch’. We went and talked to our first PR agency just as a vendor and right as were done the woman who ran the agency, a woman who named Melody Holler said, ‘Okay I am going to take my PR agency hat off and I’m going to put my investor hat on, are you guys looking for money?’ And we all looked at each other, we’re like, ‘Oh my God’. Like we’ve been out there for like the last 2 years trying to pitch this business and we’re not even trying to pitch you and you are trying to come and give us money and that’s the power of when you have a good idea that has real value that is timed well. A lot of that is luck and a lot of that is opportunity, like I believe that people fundamentally get the same amount of luck, I mean that’s the definition of luck, it’s random but the people who ar e lucky are the ones who are prepared to do something with that. And so at the time we were prepared like we had learned from that failure before, ‘Okay, here’s what we do and here’s how we jump on it’. And within a few months we had raised five and a half million dollars from Kleiner Perkins, one of the premier Venture Capital firmsâ€"Martin: Before Launching orâ€"Dave: This is before launching.Martin: Wow, not too badDave: Absolutely. We were running around, the three of us like running around with this big check book, just five and a half million dollars and hiring all of our friends, people who we knew would be really great at this and that business really took off. It did very well and to the point in fact where we were growing so fast we had so many customers that we had to bring some outside management because the three of us were just like None of us had ever really run more than you know 5 or 6 person company at the time. So, long story short we ended up hiring a CE O who was a professional CEO who really was the wrong guy, just not the right guy for our company. And it was a good thing to learn there too around, how do you deal with a board? And when you have investors, how do you build relationships with your investors? How do you get to know your investors even before they become investors? And that was again a very common mistake I’ve learned like a lot of people make these mistakes and we need to learn then the way and the company grew from literally three of us to 480 people in 18 months.Martin: Wow!Dave: Yeah it was crazy. And we were just out growing everything and the company was just going like gangbusters and then crash hit in April of 2001. And we had filed for our IPO, we were ready to go out and you know it was crazy. And we had a bunch of internal stuff that happened as well with that CEO and I’m not going get into all the details, but suffice to say that the company did not IPO. So, what we had to do then was go through the downsizing. While it’s an incredibly painful experience, I mean we had to personally let go of a number of people who I really deeply cared for, it’s just one of those things that you have to learn if you’re going to be build a business around. How do I set things up so that number one, the organization that we are building is going to be one that is going to be building revenue and building profits and it’s going to really sustain itself; and then number two, when business conditions change, how do you make that hard decision. So, how do you set up relationships in advance so that people will understand, ‘Look we’re friends and I love you and I want to spend time with you and I had a great time with you but also we’re in business together, so we need to be careful thatâ€"I don’t want the friendship to be destroyed because of any potential business things that happened’. So anyway, that was a great opportunity, I was CTO there and I got to meet some fabulous people who really really worked hard to build that company up. And I left there in about 2002 and took a little bit of time off, because that was a real burn out experience. I have met a lot of entrepreneurs who have been through this, where even when you have a successful exit you just get really physically, mentally and spiritually drained. And I think that’s what happened for me as well.So, I took a bit off time of and I was like, ‘That’s it, I am done, I don’t want to be an entrepreneur anymore, I just want to go and Really, I could barely even read a newspaper, I just wanted to be quiet somewhere. I joke about it with my wife sometimes and she’s says, ‘Yes, Dave. The crazy thing about was. I was like, ‘Aw, I just want to go and rest on the beach somewhere’. Well here is the problem, that 2 months later I was bouncing off the walls and my wife was like, ‘Would you get out of the house and go start another business’. You know she jokes with sometimes she’s says, â €˜You know Dave like if you ever ended up on a beach somewhere, yeah that would be great for about 2 weeks and then after that you’d probably selling people umbrellas, like you’d be the guy organizing all the people on the beach for massages’. And it’s true, there comes a point where you’re just I think as an entrepreneur that this was the sad part and it was also a really defining moment for me was realizing that I have this curse, do you know what I mean?Martin: I totally understand.Dave: That you are, okay, it’s just a part of my personality that, I love people, and I love being of service to them, and like I just really have a hard time being lazy. I have a really hard time not doing anything, and I need something to keep me busy, and I love building things like this. I love getting people together and having a shared vision and building interesting things. And so that was enough to be able to then restart the next business, we built a company called Sputnik in the wifi router space and that company is still actually going strong.FOUNDING TECHNORATI In San Francisco, we meet Dave Sifry, the founder of Linuxcare, Technorati, and other companies. Dave describes his background and very exciting entrepreneurial path and learnings.The transcript of the interview is provided below.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi today we are in San Francisco with Dave from Technorati. Dave, who are you and what do you do?Dave: My name is Dave Sifry and I am the founder and have done a bunch of different jobs over in Technorati.Martin: Okay.Martin: Please introduce yourself and tell us a little bit about your background, what you did before you started this company.Dave: Sure. So, I grew up in Long Island, a suburb of New York and I grew up with just two terrific parents, both of them who were teachers. And I think that that actually brought out this they taught something to me around the joy of watching somebody’s lights go on, like watching them when they really get something and that was really something I enjoyed. But at the same time I was also a very n ervous and geeky kid.So my dad as a teacher one summer brought home my first computer which was a commodore pet, the big metal computer with the chicklet keyboard and literally a cassette tape drive. And he said, ‘You know, I am bringing this home so it doesn’t get stolen’, because he worked Bushwick which was not a very good neighborhood. Nowadays, it’s actually great neighborhood in Brooklyn but back then it was not a terribly good neighborhood and they had security guards on the doors in the schools and so on. So he brought it home and said, ‘Go do whatever you want with it’. And I was fascinated, I mean I just took to it and it spent the entire summer just teaching myself how to program Basic. And I wrote my first programs and you can get that incredible sense of just like what does it feel like to build something by yourself and sort of be the master of that little world and that was great and I really enjoyed it and got a number of different computers.When I got in to high school, I got social again, like I really wanted to be able to go out and engage with the world. And I realized that wow, like there are all these skills, these things that I can do where I can help people, they would come to me and they was like, ‘Oh we have these consulting projects like could you build this for me or build that for me’? For them I could imagine they were probably thinking of, ‘I got this high school and he’s building this thing that I would have to spend thousands of dollars on, I give him a few hundred dollars’. And for me I was like, wow, this is fabulous, this is more money than I have seen, than my parents have ever given me. And so I got really bitten by the entrepreneurial bug.In college I studied computer science down at Baltimore and during the summers and even during the year like I would have a computer consultant business on the side just to be able to pay the bills and pay my way through college and that was fabulous like really just enjoyed it. Just loved selling, I loved being able to help people solve their problems and it was great having a skill that for me was easy and fun and that for other people like they were getting a tremendous amount of value from it.And when I got out of college I went to my first big company where I went to work for Mitsubishi Electric in Japan and I spent there about three and a half years being the first foreigner in my factory in 17 years so it was like me and 4,700 Japanese people. And that was a fantastic experience just in a different way to be able to see what it’s like to live in another culture and to learn to speak Japanese and to see how other people live. But also on the other side it really thought me, ‘Oh, so this is what working in a big company is like’. And I realized that that was just really unsatisfying for me. I love to be able to participate in decisions and see what I was doing and how it directly affected people.And also this was like the early 1990s and you know you would hear about all these magical places and a place called Sunnyvale, and Oakland, and Walnut Creek or these places that just fired the imagination; Cupertino, Mountain View, San Francisco. Just the names of it just sounded fabulous. I knew that I wanted to come out here and went in and worked on Wall Street for about a year when I got back from Japan but that was all just a launch pad for me, like I just knew, like it was fabulous and it was great to learn something about how the market worked but all I really wanted to do was to get out here and so I came out here in 1995. My impression of Silicon Valley at the time by the way was Santa Cruz, which if you know anything about Silicon Valley, it’s sort of like, that’s way over the hill, the hippy dippy place back then. But it was great place to just at least get settled and to learn what’s going on.I get very heavily involved in the open sourced company, particularly around Linux and other open source soft ware. So, by getting involved with that community and then reallyâ€"relatively early day, I got to know a lot of those people like, Linus Torwalds. Whenever he would come into town we would have like a user group meeting. And then as Linux was taking off, my first business it started from the consulting that I was doing, found 2 partners and we thought like let’s go and let’s go build a business together based on this, Linux based open sourced VPN system. Which now a days people think, ‘Oh, VPN sure. But back then in 1995 people were like, ‘What’s a VPN and what’s this Linux thing? And you don’t pay for it And how you guys going to make money,’, and sorts of big questions that no one really understood and could explain well. And that business didn’t really do well, but what we learned from it was we learned a tonne just about banging on doors and how to write a business plan. I mean, we ended up writing a business plan that was about that thick. And what I realized afterwards was: wow, we spent all this time writing a business plan and not very much time actually running a business; and that you can really get caught up in this idea of, ‘Ooh, we need to figure out who all of our customers are going to be, and what the competitive market place is, and how are we going to do product marketing, and then not actually ever any of that stuff. So, the other half of this was to learn that the best business plans are literally ones that I can write on the back of a napkin. Because if you can articulate your value proposition that clearly you’ve probably got something that’s going to be really interesting.But back then we didn’t know; we were kid’s; we were just figuring all this stuff out and so that business was just called Secure Remote, really justâ€"it failed. But we got to know a lot of people in the valleyVery interestingly, so this was in around September of 1998, so my two friends and I who were pretty heavily involved in Linux commu nity realized, ‘Wow, you know what, it’s too late, we missed the boat on this particular product’. Big companies like Cisco were coming out with competitive products and so we said, ‘How about insteadâ€"like what it is that we are 6-9 months ahead of everything else and that we think we could actually build a business around’ and so we were all kind ofâ€"like literally we were standing in the parking lot of one the VCs here on Sand Hill road and after very nicely having our hats handed to us again like, ‘We love you guys but we just don’t see what the business is’.FOUNDING LINUXCAREAnd one of my partners said, ‘What about service for Linux, there is nobody that is out there that’s doing Tech Support or professional services or any of that stuff for this operating system?’ He was an old Apple guy and so essentially what he said was like, ‘How come there is no Apple care for Linux’ And all three of us looked at each other, we were like, ‘Oh my God, of cours e’ and so on that day Linuxcare was born. And that company was the exact contract where I remember we had, I mean we spent maybe a week re-writing some of the business plan and so now the business plan is this thick. And we’re just thinking, look it’s service and support for all things Linux. We knew all of the people who were involved in the community and we went to go, ‘Okay we are going to do a big launch’. We went and talked to our first PR agency just as a vendor and right as were done the woman who ran the agency, a woman who named Melody Holler said, ‘Okay I am going to take my PR agency hat off and I’m going to put my investor hat on, are you guys looking for money?’ And we all looked at each other, we’re like, ‘Oh my God’. Like we’ve been out there for like the last 2 years trying to pitch this business and we’re not even trying to pitch you and you are trying to come and give us money and that’s the power of when you have a good idea that has re al value that is timed well. A lot of that is luck and a lot of that is opportunity, like I believe that people fundamentally get the same amount of luck, I mean that’s the definition of luck, it’s random but the people who are lucky are the ones who are prepared to do something with that. And so at the time we were prepared like we had learned from that failure before, ‘Okay, here’s what we do and here’s how we jump on it’. And within a few months we had raised five and a half million dollars from Kleiner Perkins, one of the premier Venture Capital firmsâ€"Martin: Before Launching orâ€"Dave: This is before launching.Martin: Wow, not too badDave: Absolutely. We were running around, the three of us like running around with this big check book, just five and a half million dollars and hiring all of our friends, people who we knew would be really great at this and that business really took off. It did very well and to the point in fact where we were growing so fast we had s o many customers that we had to bring some outside management because the three of us were just like None of us had ever really run more than you know 5 or 6 person company at the time. So, long story short we ended up hiring a CEO who was a professional CEO who really was the wrong guy, just not the right guy for our company. And it was a good thing to learn there too around, how do you deal with a board? And when you have investors, how do you build relationships with your investors? How do you get to know your investors even before they become investors? And that was again a very common mistake I’ve learned like a lot of people make these mistakes and we need to learn then the way and the company grew from literally three of us to 480 people in 18 months.Martin: Wow!Dave: Yeah it was crazy. And we were just out growing everything and the company was just going like gangbusters and then crash hit in April of 2001. And we had filed for our IPO, we were ready to go out and you kno w it was crazy. And we had a bunch of internal stuff that happened as well with that CEO and I’m not going get into all the details, but suffice to say that the company did not IPO. So, what we had to do then was go through the downsizing. While it’s an incredibly painful experience, I mean we had to personally let go of a number of people who I really deeply cared for, it’s just one of those things that you have to learn if you’re going to be build a business around. How do I set things up so that number one, the organization that we are building is going to be one that is going to be building revenue and building profits and it’s going to really sustain itself; and then number two, when business conditions change, how do you make that hard decision. So, how do you set up relationships in advance so that people will understand, ‘Look we’re friends and I love you and I want to spend time with you and I had a great time with you but also we’re in business together, so we need to be careful thatâ€"I don’t want the friendship to be destroyed because of any potential business things that happened’. So anyway, that was a great opportunity, I was CTO there and I got to meet some fabulous people who really really worked hard to build that company up. And I left there in about 2002 and took a little bit of time off, because that was a real burn out experience. I have met a lot of entrepreneurs who have been through this, where even when you have a successful exit you just get really physically, mentally and spiritually drained. And I think that’s what happened for me as well.So, I took a bit off time of and I was like, ‘That’s it, I am done, I don’t want to be an entrepreneur anymore, I just want to go and Really, I could barely even read a newspaper, I just wanted to be quiet somewhere. I joke about it with my wife sometimes and she’s says, ‘Yes, Dave. The crazy thing about was. I was like, ‘Aw, I just want to go and rest on the beac h somewhere’. Well here is the problem, that 2 months later I was bouncing off the walls and my wife was like, ‘Would you get out of the house and go start another business’. You know she jokes with sometimes she’s says, ‘You know Dave like if you ever ended up on a beach somewhere, yeah that would be great for about 2 weeks and then after that you’d probably selling people umbrellas, like you’d be the guy organizing all the people on the beach for massages’. And it’s true, there comes a point where you’re just I think as an entrepreneur that this was the sad part and it was also a really defining moment for me was realizing that I have this curse, do you know what I mean?Martin: I totally understand.Dave: That you are, okay, it’s just a part of my personality that, I love people, and I love being of service to them, and like I just really have a hard time being lazy. I have a really hard time not doing anything, and I need something to keep me busy, and I lo ve building things like this. I love getting people together and having a shared vision and building interesting things. And so that was enough to be able to then restart the next business, we built a company called Sputnik in the wifi router space and that company is still actually going strong.FOUNDING TECHNORATIDave: And then as a side project to that like I started blogging and this was very early days of blogging, I mean this was 2003, 2004. And I remember it was over Thanksgiving weekend in 2003, that my two partners were both going off on their different adventures: one was travelling somewhere, and another going somewhere else, visiting family. And I thought, ‘Okay I’m going to take a little vacation too’. And the one thing that was always interesting to me was this idea of search and so I thought, ‘I wonder how hard it would be to build a search engine for blogs. So I had my DSL connection back home, I think it was like a 128k ISDN connection and I had two computers that I had bought off of Ebay for like $100 each, that were sitting in my basement and I thought, ‘Okay, you know what let’s go try it out’. And literally, I was like: What do I call it? And I went searching on network solutions, on one of the domain panes. I was looking for digerati, because you want to be able to see like what’s going with the digerati, well that one was already taken, digerati.com, .org. So I thought, ‘Well what’s some word to that, I don’t know, Technorati!’ and so there it was! Six dollars and ninety nine cents and I was like, ‘Great, Okay’ so I bought it and that’s how Technorati was born. It was literally just my little science project of, I wonder what it would be like to build a new kind of search engine, one that’s based around this real time web. It kind of surprised me like it just sort of took off to spite me. I mean I told a few friends about it and of course what happens when you tell a blogger anything and they like it, theyâ €™re going to blog about it, they’re going to yell from their rooftops, they’re going to talk about how awesome it is, and their also going to talk about it sucks and how they hate it, but it doesn’t matter, they’re going to talk right. So it’s an interesting place to be sort of that search engine where, this is the place where they all came to so that they’re yelling out into the void: Did anybody say anything? Did anybody respond back? And so it became very quickly a pretty go to service for these bloggers, a very small group. And that was cool, it was nice and weekends for me, that kind of stuff. But what happened was one day I was sitting in my basement And just to give you an idea of my office, have you ever seen the Harry Potter Movies?Martin: Which one?Dave: The first one, the first Harry Potter movie. There is cupboard under the stairs that Harry lives in, like that’s his room, well that’s my office, that was my office at my house at the time. And I am down t here with my dog and the two servers running off the DSL line and I get a phone call and they said, ‘Hi this is so and so from AOL’ and he says, ‘We here at AOL, we love Technorati’ and I am like, ‘Thank you’. I mean if you remember this was like when AOL had their keywords everywhere they were on billboards, I mean it was pretty crazy, they’d just bought Netscape if you remember this? And he says, ‘yeah’, he says, ‘look, we are doing this AOL blogging platform called AOL journals’ and he goes, ‘And I’d love, we’d just love for you and your team to come down and visit with us and maybe we can have a talk about doing something together’. And I am like, ‘Uhhh’ and I look down at my dog and my dog is sort of licking himself and I’m like, ‘Uhâ€"The dogâ€"we’reâ€"well the team is kind of busy right now’.Martin: But I can come alone.Dave: But I’ll tell you what, how about I’ll come down, I’ll drive down, we’ll set up a meeting?’ He was l ike ‘Great, fabulous’. So I drive down there to Mountain View to the old Netscape campus which is nowâ€"I guess it was then the Facebook campus, now I am not sure what it is butâ€"thatâ€"on Middlefield Road. I come down there and I walk in and I meet the guy from AOL, and walks in13 other people from AOL. And they’re all introducing each other, so they are all handing each other cards and I’m like What is going on? And the guy sits down, he says, ‘Okay, this is Dave from Technorati, we are so happy and we welcome everyone, we’re going to talk about searchanable journals’ And I notice there was like one guy there from Netscape search. Now if you remember thisâ€"but like Netscape searchâ€"these guys made Yahooâ€"they created Google, this was huge. And he says, ‘Yeah, so we would love to work with you on this product and we’re big fans of yours, like we want to do it’. And I am like, ‘Look no offence, right? Thank you. But that guy over there with Netscape search on his card, like he’s probably forgotten more about how to run a search engine, than I have ever learned, like why are we talking about this’. And he goes, ‘No, no, no’. He says, ‘You don’t understand’. He says, ‘Because here at AOL we don’t want to be a wild garden anymore, we want to be a part of the bloggers sphere and for that we need to be in Technorati, we need to be doing a deal with you’. And I was like, ‘Okay’.And I came home that night, I drove home like in a fog, like driving up 280 and I am driving home going, ‘What just happened?’ like he just basically just put a business model in my lap and I realized Oh my God. This was before Amazon web services and Elastic cloud and all that stuff, it was like, ‘Oh, crap , I’m going to have to buy a lot of servers and a lot of coolers and a lot of networking, we’re going to have to like hire up. And fortunately at the time, I had a number of Venture capitalist and who at that point I’d gotten to know a little bit better and so I called up and some fabulous angels, I mean people like Reid Hoffman who was at LinkedIn, and Joe Ettore is over at the MIT media lab now, and Ester Dyson. And it’s just like What do I do? And they’re like ‘Take some money’ and I’m like, Okay. So in that case, again, it kind of just fell into my lap in a sense. And then the process was, okay so you’ve done this before a couple of times, how do you do this in a way that’s really going to try to learn from my old mistakes but then also build something that’s going to be flexible and really have the personality thatâ€"I realized what I really wanted wasâ€"what’s the environment that I wanted to be working in for the rest of my life. Like that if I could be working here for the next 50 years that that’s the kind of place that I want to build. And I realized that like, even before I hired a single person So we took a bunch of money I mean, the money wasn’t the problem, there were lo ts of money and some fabulous VCs who came on board. But I really wanted to make sure that I understood even what my value was worth and then that my investors shared the values, fabulous people like, Andreas Stavropoulos over at DFJ who just really really agreed with the values that I had, and Ryan McIntyre who was at Mobeus at the time, Ryan is over at Founder Group now. Ryan was a founder of Excite and I was like, ‘Oh great like you have done this before, you’re next entrepreneur like please let’s work together’ to be able to then talk to my investors, not the way it was back at Linux care where I felt like they were my bosses, but instead to talk to them kind of as my peers and say, ‘Look, I don’t know what to do, please help’. Because I know that that’s something that really hurt us back at Linux care was this idea of, we have to just do it right, we have to figure out whatever it is and it’s us versus the world and instead at Technorati to be able to say, ‘ No no no, you know what, we’re all in this together’.We took some money for example from some folks at August Capital. Fabulous, fabulous group of venture capitalists, really great team there. When you come in and you sort of sit down and you do this, what they call the Monday afternoon partner meeting which is sort of like that last thing where they are all sort of figuring out, do you give you money or not. And the best advice I ever got was just be honest, like tell the truth no matter what. Because I was a first time CEO, I have never done this before.So there I am sitting at this beautiful wooden table, this huge wooden table that you are like, you put your head down on it and you’re like, ‘Oh my God, the stories that table can tell of all these amazing businesses that have gotten funded and built, I can only imagine So they’re all saying, ‘Okay, so tell us about your business. I’m like, ‘Yeah, it’s the search business and it’s taking off and could be like G oogle but I don’t know and yes I’m a first time CEO but I don’t know’ And I said, ‘Look, here’s the deal’. I said, ‘ There’s really only one thing that I absolutely I am going to stand here and I’m totally going to promise you’, because I can show you all these slides that shows the number that goes up into the right and we all know it’s bullshit. Hopefully that’s exactly how things are going to go and we’ll all be like, ‘Look how smart we are’ but these are all speculation.So I said ‘look, there’s pretty much only one thing that I absolutely guarantee will happen sometime during the course of this business and when I am CEO of this business’. So I said look, ‘Sometime during the course of your investment I am going to screw something up really badly, like I mean a whopper, like a huge one, and probably it’s going to be, we’ll have all talked about it at the board meeting, we’ll all agree not to do it and then I’m still going to do it anyway, because I feel like it’s the right thing to do and I’m just going to mess it up.’ And am like, ‘Here is my promise, my promise is, I’m never going to lie to you, my promise is that like, I’m going to do what I say and say what I do, that I will come and we’ll talk about before hand and that if at any time you guys or I feel like it’s just not the right time for me to be CEO anymore because it’s growing or whatever, like I’m happy to step aside. But pretty much, that’s the only thing that I guarantee’.And they all looked at me and they said, ‘Oh yeah, Dave, that’s exactly what’s going to happen’. They’re like, ‘Every single one of our successful investments that’s exactly what happens’.And I was like, I go, ‘And by the way, chances are I am probably going to lose your money’ and they were like, ‘We know’.And I am like, ‘Where am I? This is the craziest meeting I have ever been a part of’.But the most wonderful thing about it was at that moment, I walked out of that room a quarter of an inch off the ground. I felt like I was walking on air because I realized that, Wow, I just told these people that I was probably the worst case. Because I knew I wasn’t going to lie, and I wasn’t going to be a criminal and I wasn’t going to do anything like that, like that I knew deeply, but the thing that I was most scared of which was failing and of making a decision and having it come back on me. They were totally okay with that. And it’s an advice that I give to all entrepreneurs is that if you’re going to be working with an investor but even just with a team and you can’t accept that you’re going to make mistakes. I make more mistakes in a week than most people make in a year and it’s just like, that’s just the nature of what we do. And so you mess up and then you learn from it and then you quickly adapt. So it’s not about, ‘Oh my God, how am I going to make sure that I don’t make any mistak es?’ because if you don’t make any mistakes, you are not taking any risks but instead it’s about saying, ‘How do I create an environment where it’s okay, as long as I don’t make the same mistake twice’ like let’s make tons of new mistakes all the time.My friend Ester Dyson, that’s how she says it, she says, ‘Always make new mistakes’ and I think that’s the best advice, and then to be able to hear that thoughâ€"to be able to vocalize that with your investors and the people who are going to be sitting on my board and really feel comfortable like, ‘Yes, none of us know what the right answer is but we’re all going to jump into this together’ and that you trust me, that I can help to lead this, that was so empowering because I never felt likeâ€"and they talk about the CEO job being the loneliest job in the world. I never felt that, like I always felt like at anytime I could just call Andreas or call Andrew Anchor, or call David Hornic, or call Ryan McIntire, just say to them like, ‘I am totally lost I don’t know what to do’. And they would just be there to help and I think that Again if I was talking to an entrepreneur about that I’d be like, ‘Look, I know you are scared, it’s okay’, I heard it once, fear is like a super power just take it, use it and share it and that way you’re going to be able to become so much more powerful than if you hold it all inside.Martin: Dave, thank you very much for you time and your thoughts and your sharing of knowledge.Dave: Sure Martin, it’s great to meet you and thanks so much for coming.Martin: Thanks.

Usman dan Fodio and the Sokoto Caliphate

In the 1770s, Uthman dan Fodio, still in his early 20s, began preaching in his home state of Gobir in Western African. He was one of the many Fulani Islamic scholars pushing for the revitalization of Islam in the region and the rejection of allegedly pagan practices by Muslims. Within a few decades, dan Fodio would rise to become one of the most recognized names in nineteenth-century West Africa. Hijra and Jihad As a young man, dan Fodios reputation as a scholar grew quickly. His message of reform and his criticisms of the government found fertile ground in a period of growing dissent. Gobir was one of several Hausa states in what is now northern Nigeria. There was widespread dissatisfaction in these states, especially among the Fulani pastoralists from whom dan Fodio came. dan Fodios growing popularity soon led to persecution from the Gobir government, and he withdrew, performing the hijra—a migration from  Mecca to Yathrib—as the Prophet Muhammad had also done. After his hijra, dan Fodio launched a powerful jihad in 1804, and by 1809, he had established the Sokoto caliphate that would rule over much of northern Nigeria until it was conquered by the British in 1903. Sokoto Caliphate The Sokoto Caliphate was the largest state in West Africa in the nineteenth century, but it was really fifteen smaller states or emirates united under the authority of the Sultan of Sokoto. By 1809, leadership was already in the hands of one of dan Fodios sons, Muhammad Bello, who is credited with solidifying control and establishing much of the administrative structure of this large and powerful state. Under Bellos governance, the Caliphate followed a policy of religious tolerance, enabling non-Muslims to pay a tax rather than try to enforce conversions. The policy of relative tolerance as well as attempts to ensure impartial justice helped earn the state the support of the Hausa people within the region. The support of the populace was also achieved in part through the stability the state brought and the resulting expansion of trade. Policies toward Women Uthman dan Fodio followed a relatively conservative branch of Islam, but his adherence to Islamic law ensured that within the Sokoto Caliphate women enjoyed many legal rights. dan Fodio strongly believed that women too needed to be educated in the ways of Islam. This meant he wanted women in the mosques learning. For some women, this was an advance, but certainly not for all, as he also held that women should always obey their husbands, provided that the husbands will did not run counter to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad or Islamic laws. Uthman dan Fodio also, however, advocated against female genital cutting, which had been gaining a hold in the region at the time, ensuring that he is remembered as an advocate for women.

Analysis of Kant Essay - 896 Words

Analysis of Kant The philosopher Immanuel Kant wrote this passage in hopes that we understand the world better. Kant is trying to tell us that there are many things that evolve around this world and that every little single detail that we do makes the world what it is. In this passage Kant uses the term enlightenment which basically means its a form of being informed spiritually to us as humans where we must release what the world has set in sight for us and go through our own knowledge to live through life. Its basically forgetting about what others teach us or had planned for us to do and make up our own path where we therefore have our own freedom to†¦show more content†¦Kant mentions external direction from which it was long gone. This might mean the free will that we all possess, I believe that the world is not intended to be a fixed society where God has already set a path for all beings since he created this earth of ours. I do however believe that God has probably made a path for all individuals but only a positive path since God is only made of goodness within himself. Its the evil that opens up the free will and thats why God created the devil. God has given humans a choice either to do well or follow the path thats intended to be in store for that particular individual or commit the evil. God created the world so that he can see with his own eyes what he had created, whether his creation was worthwhile or a disappointment in Gods mind. So the free will that God has given to us is what makes the world as interesting as it is. In this picture we can see a man separated from two zones where one part of the body is in one end and the other on the other dominant end. Theres a rainbow like layer blocking the man from entering into the other zone. To my belief, its the inability of humans giving an extra effort to pass through into the Promised Land. 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Based on this analysis, young children would need Kant`s outlook on morality in order to be sufficient in society. In this paper, I will argue that we as moral agents have a sense of duty to educate young children on how they should act by allow ing them to reason and make

Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa Free Essays

Benefield, Alicia February 14, 2013 INR3932-03 Paper 1 Why Foreign Aid is Hurting Africa In this article Dambisa Moyo, is arguing that money, in the form of aid given to African nations has not only trapped many of these nations in debt, but has started a cycle of corruption as well as slowed down economic growth and poverty. To solve this isuue Moyo suggests cutting off the flow of aid to these African nations. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many developed countries will gladly give aid to Africa, these countries do not give small donations they donate by the millions. This continued donation of aid has only been putting Africa further in debt. What many do not realize is that aid is not given to Africa freely, the African nations receiving aid must pay this money back plus interest. Moyo provided an example of this stating that â€Å"African countries still pay close to $20 billion in debt repayments per annum, a stark reminder that aid is not free. In order to keep the system going, debt is repaid at the expense of African education and healthcare† (Moyo, 2009). This is what is slowing down economic growth and keeping those countries in poverty. A country can not achieve econmic growth if its workforce is not educated, an uneducated workforce means the people in the country have little to no skills. Certain skills are required to get better jobs, if the people are not being adequately educated they will be forced to remain in a state of poverty. Healthcare is alo important, and the countries keep cutting the healthcare budget. If your workforce is not healthy enough to go out and work to spark the economy you can never expect to achieve economic growth. Education and healthcare budget cuts are not the only problems Moyo discussed that are keeping African nations from developing. Other issues include corruption in the government and developed nations supplying resources for free keeping African producers out of the market. According to the African Union, an organization of African nations â€Å"In 2002, it was estimated that corruption was costing the continent $150 billion a year, as international donors were apparently turning a blind eye to the simple fact that aid money was inadvertently fueling graft† (Moyo, 2009). This is because the donations are being given with â€Å"no strings attached† so the funds are being used for everything except what they were meant for, development. Political elites are using these funds to finace their own expidentures as well as financing their families and home life. The other problem is countries like the U. S. Implementing programs like the U. S. Food for Peace program, which buys American food and ships it overseas to African nations. This program is not helpful, it is a hinderance to Africas economic growth. By supplying American food for free, the U. S. is putting African farmers out of business. Moyo suggests that instead of purchasing American food, they U. S. ould purchase food from the African farmers to distribute to the African nations. Done this way the African farmers are benefitting from the program and are able to compete in the market. The opinions presented in this article relate to many of the concepts we have touched on in this course; views on poverty, the development, as well as the international aid system. The article opens up stating â€Å"A month ago I visited Kiberam the larget slum in Africa† (Moyo, 2009). When we hear the word slum, we perceive a negative connotation and relate this term with a place in poverty. We can see the inequalities between developed and undeveloped nations, according to the article â€Å"a mere 2% of the country’s population has access to mobile phones compared to a wireless survey that found 91% of Americans have access to cellphones (Moyo, 2009) (Forseman, 2010). This is a huge inequality African citizens are not even close to being equal to the technology avaliable to American citizens. Another concept this article discussed is development, Africa has been trying to become a developed nation for years and after receiveing billions in aid this country has yet to become a developed nation. The contry remaing in poverty is mainly because if the international aid system. This system continues to allow African nations to receive donations without the country even showing any signs of growth or development. This continuous acceptance of aid is keeping African nations in poverty. ‘ I agree with the author of this article in all of the arguments he gave on why foreign aid is hurting Africa. Developed countries are continously give large donations to the country year after year and there is no progress being made. However, I do not fault Africa for this lack of progress, they are only doing what any nation in their situation would do. They are continuously being given money and not required to put the money towards efforts to achieve economic growth, they know that the aid is not going to stop being donated so it is in their best interest to remain in a state of poverty and continue receiving aid. The countries donating to Africa are not providing the country with opportunitites to become a pro-market governnment because they are donating goods for free and taking African producers out of business. The politicians in Africa are not being closely watched and are not looking out for the social welfare of the country, but are looking out for themselves. Africa needs a more accountable government that is concerned about the people and the future of the country as well as their economy. Once these nations stop receiving aid, get better leaders, and African producers are able to tap into the market the country will be on the way to achieveing economic growth. Works Cited Foresman, C. (2010)Wireless survey: 91% of Americans use cell phones. [online] Available at: http://arstechnica. com/tech-policy/2010/03/wireless-survey-91-of-americans-have-cell-phones/ [Accessed: 15 Feb 2013]. Moyo, D. (2009) Why Foreign Aid is Hurting Africa . The Wall Street Journal, p. W1. How to cite Why Foreign Aid Is Hurting Africa, Essay examples

The Health Problems in Pregnancy Associated with Coccaine Essay Example

The Health Problems in Pregnancy Associated with Coccaine Paper There are many health problems that are known to be associated with the use of cocaine. They include heart rhythm disturbances, heart attacks, respiratory issues, chest pain, neurological effects, seizures, headaches, strokes, stomach pain, upset and nausea and sometimes death(COCAINE http://www. focusas. com/Cocaine. html). The impact of cocaine use during pregnancy cannot be ignored as the above issues pass through the placenta to the fetus, but there is also a risk of lowered IQ in the child who was exposed to cocaine during gestation. MONITORS There are several measures in place to help those addicted to cocaine to stop using the drug during pregnancy. Some of those include legal monitoring through a court order, social workers and mentors. All of these measures can be effective depending on the willingness of the participant and the attitude of the monitor. The attitude of the person monitoring the expectant mother can have a positive or a negative impact on the outcome. If the monitor has a positive, upbeat attitude that conveys a WE can do it attitude, the mother will be less apt to feel that she is being treated like an addict who is beneath society. We will write a custom essay sample on The Health Problems in Pregnancy Associated with Coccaine specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Health Problems in Pregnancy Associated with Coccaine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Health Problems in Pregnancy Associated with Coccaine specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She will be more apt to feel that it is a team effort and that everyone involved cares not only about the health and safety of her unborn child but also cares about her health and safety. Making a pregnant woman feel that the only concern is about the baby and that she is of little consequence can further damage an already fragile self esteem which can lead to cravings to get high and numb the pain. It is important to create a team atmosphere and attitude so that the mother feels she is part of the solution and not just the problem. The use of urinary testing as a monitor can be highly effective if the mother understands that it is to help her get past the cravings for the drug. In addition, the knowledge that she is putting her baby at risk for being placed in foster care following birth if she fails the screenings may assist her in overcoming or getting past craving the drug. Mandatory drug screens for newborn babies should be implemented for every baby, not just those who have known drug using mothers. It should be as simple and mandatory as other tests and procedures performed on newborns. This is a tool that can have a positive impact as it creates a data base for programs to get in touch with mothers whose babies came back with a positive result. It is not necessary to instantly remove any baby with a positive result but an immediate social service referral can be implemented and that can have an early intervention impact on the newborns life and success rate. CONCLUSION? Cocaine is a drug that can be highly addictive and can be harmful to an unborn baby. Few women consciously want to hurt their babies. They often need help and monitoring with their addiction to insure that they stay away from the drug during the gestational phase of pregnancy and delivery. It is important to have a team attitude so the mother believes she is part of the solution and not the problem if the monitoring is going to work.

The Trojan War essays

The Trojan War essays I am doing my report on what happened before and during the Trojan War. The Trojan War was a war that Greece and Troy fought. The story of Troy is over 3,000 years old. The ancient Greeks sang the story of the war from memory. This war involves gods, half-gods, and mortals. The first book of the Iliad and the Odyssey was written in English in 1475. Most people have heard the ending, but the way it started should have been a happy thing, but it ended up bad. Hecuba, the queen of Troy, had a baby. Prophecy said that the baby would someday burn Troy down. So, when the baby was born, the King took the baby and went to kill it, but he couldnt. Then he gave it to a servant to kill. The servant took it to the top of a mountain and left it there to die. Then, when he returned five days later, he saw the baby being nursed by a female bear. He thought the baby was destined to live, so he secretly raised the baby. The babys name was Paris. When he grew up he was a cowherd. Now this boy was a very good judger; he judged contests between bulls. Zeus, the ruler of Mount Olympus (also known as the god of lightning), noticed that Paris was a very good judger. What he noticed came in useful during a wedding he went to. Two gods were getting married. Every god was invited except for Eris, the goddess of strife. Eris snuck in to the room, throws a golden apple into the party. The apple said, To the Fairest. The goddesses started to argue. Hera said, Im the most beautiful. I should have it. Then Athena said, Im more beautiful than you are, Hera. I think I should have it. Aphrodite said, Im more beautiful than all of you. I should have it. The goddesses asked Zeus who should have the golden apple. Zeus knew that if he picked one of the gods, the two others would be angry at him. So he remembered Paris was a good judger, so he gave to...

How to Calculate a Male to Female Ratio (And Other Quantities)

How to Calculate a Male to Female Ratio (And Other Quantities) To paraphrase Frederick Douglass, â€Å"We may not get all that we pay for, but we will certainly pay for all that we get.† To salute that grand arbiter of coiffure and promoter of equality, let’s discuss how to best use our resources. Use a ratio to compare two  quantities. Examples: Using Ratio to Compare Quantities Miles per hourText messages per dollarFacebook page visitors per weekMen per women Example: Ratio and Social Life Sheila, a busy career woman, plans to wisely use her leisure time. She wants a place with as many men per women as possible. As a statistician, this single woman believes that a high male to female ratio is the best way to find Mr. Right. Here are the female and male headcounts of certain places: Athletic Club, Thursday night:  6 women, 24 menYoung Professionals Meeting, Thursday night:  24 women, 6 menBayou Blues Night Club, Thursday night:  200 women, 300 men Which place will Sheila choose? Calculate the ratios: Athletic Club 6 women/24 menSimplified:  1 women/4 menIn other words, the Athletic Club boasts 4 men for each woman. Young Professionals Meeting 24 women/6 menSimplified: 4 women/1 manIn other words, the Young Professionals Meeting offers 4 women for each man. Note: A ratio can be an improper fraction; the numerator can be greater than the denominator. Bayou Blues Club 200 women/300 menSimplified:  2 women/3 menIn other words, for every 2 women at the Bayou Blues Club, there are 3 men. Which Place Offers the Best Female to Male Ratio? Unfortunately for Sheila, the female-dominated Young Professionals Meeting is not an option. Now, she has to choose between the Athletic Club and the Bayou Blues Club. Compare the Athletic Club and Bayou Blues Club ratios. Use 12 as the common denominator. Athletic Club: 1 women/4 men 3 women/12 menBayou Blues Club: 2 women/3 men 8 women/12 men On Thursday, Sheila wears her best spandex outfit to the male-dominated Athletic Club. Unfortunately, the four  men she meets all have breath like train smoke. So much for using math in real life. Exercises Mario can afford to apply to only one university. He will apply to the school that offers the best probability of awarding him a full, academic scholarship. Assume that each scholarship committee - overworked and understaffed - will award scholarships to students whose names are randomly pulled from a hat. Each of Marios prospective schools has posted its average number of applicants and average number of full-ride scholarships. College A:  825 applicants; 275 full-ride scholarshipsCollege B:  600 applicants; 150 full-ride scholarshipsCollege C:  2,250 applicants; 250 full-ride scholarshipsCollege D:  1,250 applicants; 125 full-ride scholarships Calculate the ratio of applicants to full-ride scholarships at College A.825 applicants: 275 scholarshipsSimplify: 3 applicants: 1 scholarshipCalculate the ratio of applicants to full-ride scholarships at College B.600 applicants: 150 scholarshipsSimplify: 4 applicants: 1 scholarshipCalculate the ratio of applicants to full-ride scholarships at College C.2,250 applicants: 250 scholarshipsSimplify: 9 applicants: 1 scholarshipCalculate the ratio of applicants to full-ride scholarships at College D.1,250 applicants: 125 scholarshipsSimplify: 10 applicants: 1 scholarshipWhich college has the least favorable applicant to scholarship ratio?College DWhich college has the most favorable applicant to scholarship ratio?College ATo which college will Mario apply?College A

Pro Forma Income Statement and Balance Sheet Essay

Pro Forma Income Statement and Balance Sheet - Essay Example This is done by dividing the balance for these accounts by sales revenue for 2013. The Balance Sheet accounts, which generally vary closely with Sales are cash, inventory, accounts payable, and accounts receivable. Fixed Assets are also often tied closely to Sales, unless there is excess capacity. On the Income Statement, costs are expressed as a percentage of Sales. Since we are assuming that all costs remain at a fixed percentage of Sales, net Income can be expressed as a percentage of sales indicating the profit margin. Taxes are expressed as a percentage of taxable income to determine the tax rate. The next step is constructing the Partial Pro-forma Financial Statements. The first step involves determining the forecast sales level for the company. One plus the forecasted growth rate in Sales multiplied by the sales for the year 2013 yields the sales forecast for 2014. The following formula explains this step. To obtain the growth rate, we compare the sales level of 2013 to the sales level of 2011 and 2012. There was a 1.6% drop in sales from 2011 to 2012. In 2013, the drop in sales was 3.1%. the average drop in sales for the two year period was 2.35%. therefore, the forecasted sales level for 2014 will be; After determining the sales forecast, the income statement and balance sheet accounts that vary directly with Sales are determined by multiplying the percentages by the Sales forecast. The accounts that do not vary directly with Sales are transferred to the Partial Pro-Forma Financial Statements without adjustments. The last step of constructing the pro forma financial statements is determining the external finance needed. External finance needed is the difference between partial pro-forma total assets and partial pro-forma total liabilities and owners equity. The amount for Garmin Ltd is 4887221-4879603 = 7618. Firms can choose to raise the external finance needed by

Closure of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Closure of Business - Essay Example The promotion of the welfare of the working class is a recognized policy but an employee’s tenure is not a perpetual right intended to destroy or oppress the employer. The employer, therefore, has the prerogative to exercise in good faith the right to close the operation of the business, either totally or partially. The employer cannot be compelled to continue to operate its business but must nevertheless comply with legal processes before it can implement the cessation of its business or reduction of its operations. To manifest good faith, the employer must define the criteria in an objective and fair manner on who will be retained and who will be let go through the redundancy plan and thereafter, notify the employees affected in writing. It is not enough though to notify the employees, the issue must be explained to them individually. It is further required for the employer to consult and listen to the suggestions of the employees to forestall termination. And, if other alte rnatives or options are available then the same must be explored as opposed to the implementation of redundancy or termination phase.There are two options presented by Sally thus it shall be discussed separately.The first scenario is to close the shop completely due to losses. The lack of business transaction validates the severance of employment. Since it is within the discretion of Sally to cease business operation, she cannot be compelled to continue operating at a loss due to misplacing sympathy to the employees.... It is not enough though to notify the employees, the issue must be explained to them individually. It is further required for the employer to consult and listen to the suggestions of the employees to forestall termination. And, if other alternatives or options are available then the same must be explored as opposed to the implementation of redundancy or termination phase. There are two options presented by Sally thus it shall be discussed separately. The first scenario is to close the shop completely due to losses. The lack of business transaction validates the severance of employment. Since it is within the discretion of Sally to cease business operation, she cannot be compelled to continue operating at a loss due to misplace sympathy to the employees. However, she must pay redundancy payment to the dismissed employees who have rendered continuous service at least two years reckoned at the date of the dismissal. If an alternative work offer is made to the employee that is of similar conditions, pay, status and other benefits to the employee’s present position, he is free to accept or reject the offer. However, if it is shown that the offer is unreasonably rejected the employees can no longer demand redundancy pay and worse consequence of such refusal shall exempt the employer from paying the same. Applying the foregoing standard, Greg shall not be entitled to redundancy payment as he can be re-assigned to Sally’s other business offices pursuant to his contract. If the offer to be re-assigned is refused by Greg, he cannot make a claim for redundancy payment. Nevertheless, Greg can fight the re-assignment on ground that it is a diminution of his present status not to mention that his salary is substantially reduced. In all

The Democratic Party is Out of Touch with America :: Essays Papers

The Democratic Party is Out of Touch with America Major realignments have taken place in American political history. After the Great Depression, the Democratic Party gained significant amounts of political clout. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) won the Presidency right after the onset of the depression, and his party gained significant amount of seats in both houses of Congress. The primary reason for the Democratic emergence into the dominant political party of the time was FDR’s New Deal, which created many jobs for individuals who were without. Many would argue that the New Deal was the primary reason for the United States fighting out of the depression. At the time, the Democratic Party was the party in favor of small and limited government, but due to the crisis facing the nation, FDR lead the party towards a stronger national government with far reaching powers. However, the most recent realignment took place during the election of 2000. Starting with the election of 2000, America realized that the Democratic Party was out of touch with the majority of America. Due in large part to Bill Clinton’s infidelities, America was in need for a strong leader, who was morally just. George W. Bush seemed like the man to accomplish the countries yearning for a moral, strong willed leader. Though Bush lost the popular election, he won the Electoral College (Limbaugh). Many Democrats at the time were saying that this flew in the face of democracy and sought to abolish the Electoral College. However, I’ve been given the analogy that the Presidential Election is like the World Series. One team can win the first game by 20 runs, but lose the next four games by one run per game. Even though the team that lost the series it is still possible to score more runs than the winning in the games played. Bush sought to lower taxes on Americans, much like Reagan and Kennedy. When looking at a map of the counties won by Bush in 2000, one begins to see an overwhelming majority of the country supported George Bush, not Al Gore. The counties won by Al Gore were more densely populated and were in greater need for government subsidies. The counties won by Bush wanted to keep more of their hard earned money, and not have to pay for someone else to get services that they themselves might not be able to afford.

Ethics of Conspiracy Theorizing Essay

In the context of this essay conspiracies will be defined where a proposed explanation E is a conspiracy theory if and only if E is a proposed causal explanation of an event (or set of events) which postulates secret plans and actions on the part of the group and E conflicts with the official story (or stories) of the same historical events. In this instance the official story will be defined where an explanation of an event E is an official story if and only if the explanation is a theory endorsed in a conventionally recognized way by an individual or institution that bears the relevant legal responsibility for events of type E, and for providing information to the public about them. In some cases conspiracies are morally permissible however usually they are the result of nefarious motivations on the part of the conspirators. In this essay I will use the examples of the Watergate scandal and the September 11 terrorist attacks to explain how in this respect conspiracy theorizing is more often morally permissible due to the just motivations of the conspiracy theorizers and the benefits conspiracy theorizing lends to our society. It is common knowledge that governments and political bodies around the world have engaged in conspiracies. A well known example of this is the Watergate scandal which occurred during the presidency of Richard Nixon. The Watergate scandal took place in the Watergate complex in Washington DC on the 17th of July 1972. The complex was the site of the Democratic National Committee headquarters where five men were found breaking and entering. All the men were connected to President Nixon’s Committee to Re-elect the President. This prompted an investigation which discovered many more illegal activities connected to President Nixon’s staff including campaign fraud, political espionage and sabotage, illegal break-ins, improper tax audits, illegal wiretapping, and a â€Å"laundered† slush fund used to pay those who conducted these operations. In this case the conspiracy was indeed the result of nefarious motivations on the part of President Nixon and his staff. While many and possibly most conspiracies are the result of similar motivations not all conspiracies are malevolent. For instance a conspiracy may (though perhaps not legally) be benevolent when the conspirators are acting in a way to protect the interests of the people. Reasons for this could be to prevent a counterproductive panic caused by revealing their plans before they are ready. Another conspiracy that would be both benevolent and responsible on behalf of the government would be conspiring to keep their nation ignorant of particular military actions in order to protect both the soldiers and the population that they govern. This would be the most responsible action on behalf of the government as it is their role to protect the people as best they can, in this case by way of a conspiracy. Although it is conceivable that there are some benevolent conspiracies where conspirators are trying to benefit society I think it holds true that the majority of conspiracies are caused by conspirators with nefarious intentions. It is obvious from conspiracies and cover ups like the Watergate scandal that conspiracies do take place (if not commonly) and so it follows that logically the existence of conspiracies altogether cannot be denied and furthermore it is irrational to disbelieve the existence of conspiracy theories. With this in mind it seems both reasonable and logical to conclude that conspiracy theorizing is a rational and possibly beneficial part of society. Steve Clarke supports this in â€Å"Conspiracy Theories and Conspiracy Theorizing (2002)† by proposing that ‘‘the conspiracy theorist challenges us to improve our social explanations’’ whereby he means that conspiracy theorists are invaluable to society as their existence pressures epistemic authorities such as the government to be careful in its practices and to ensure their ventures are kept above board. Clarke also reminds us that occasionally ‘‘the conspiracy theorist identifies a genuine conspiracy. ’ In contrast to Clarke, critics of conspiracy theorizing claim theorists cause unrest amongst society as they damage the trust between governments and their citizens. This is due to the way in which conspiracy theories often portray the government and government officials as being nefarious and underhanded in their dealings thus weakening the trust between society and the government. Similarly critics claim that conspiracy theorists create unrest amongst society by fostering negative beliefs about the government and the causes of historical events. Critics of conspiracy theorizing propose that unwarranted conspiracy theories have the potential to cause undesirable and harmful results. This is illustrated well by Mark Fenster in â€Å"Conspiracy Theories: Secrecy and Power in American Culture (2008)† where he postulates that ‘‘left critics argue that proper political analysis leads directly to effective political activity. Identifying both the general and historically specific economic and political structures that dominate enables activists to organize protests strategically and to build collective, alternative institutions in order to effect real social change. Conspiracy theory, on the other hand, either misattributes dominance to individuals, or simplistically places the blame for the ills of the world on individuals rather than on underlying, structural causes. As a result, it cannot lead to effective political activity; rather, it leads to harmful scapegoating; or it misleads activists into thinking that merely removing an individual or a secret group will transform society. † Arguments such as this are the cause of moral debate around conspiracy theorizing. The attacks on the Twin Towers, the 7 World Trade Centre building and the Pentagon in New York City and Washington D.  C in America on September the 11th 2001 became a catalyst for many highly publicized conspiracy theories. These conspiracy theories argue against the official story which states that the attacks were carried out solely by Al-Qaeda -a militant Islamic organization headed by Osama Bin Laden. The official story proposes that four commercial passenger airlines were hijacked by 19 members of Al-Qaeda. Two planes, American Airlines flight 11 and United Airlines Flight 175 were hijacked and flown in a suicide mission into the north and south towers of the World Trade Centre in New York City. Both of these towers collapsed within 2 hours due to structural damage caused by fires from the initial plane crash. The third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, was flown into the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense in the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia. This caused parts of the western side of the pentagon to collapse. The fourth plane, United Airlines Flight 93, was intended to be flown into the Capitol of the United States, Washington D. C but instead crashed into a field in Pennsylvania when passengers attempted to gain control of the plane. One of the most noteworthy conspiracy theories regarding the September 11 attacks states that the collapse of the Twin Towers and 7 World Trade Center was caused by controlled demolition on the behalf of the United States government as opposed to the structural damage caused by fire which was quoted in the official story. Many physicists, architects and other intellectuals argue that the impact from the aircraft and the resulting fires could not have weakened the buildings to the extent which could cause them to completely collapse. Instead, conspiracy theorists posit that explosives were installed in the building on behalf of the government prior to the attacks. According to conspiracy theorists there is much errant data to support this such as accounts of people hearing explosions in the lobby while trying to escape the building. High profile conspiracy such as those pertaining to the September 11 terrorist attacks serve the well-being of society. They help to regulate the governments actions. Conspiracy theories are invaluable in keeping an honest government that is pressured to act within the law -especially if the government is aware that their citizens may question the official story. Governments have the capability to be respected leaders for the people or sources of harm, in a society where conspiracy theories have the ability to become such widespread public knowledge (such as the conspiracy theories surrounding the September 11 terrorist attacks) they ensure that the government remains working for the citizens as they are prepared to be scrutinized. In this way conspiracy theorizing is extremely beneficial to society which makes conspiracy theorizing morally justifiable. Another way in which conspiracy theorizing is beneficial to society is the how it encourages citizens to think for themselves in a way that otherwise they may not. Conspiracy theorizing allows individuals to challenge the official story rather than mindlessly believing stories that have been spoon fed to them by the relevant epistemic authorities and the media. Conspiracy theorizing also offers alternative explanations than the official stories such as arguments based on facts to consider rather than the stories spoon fed to them by the government. The media is an important tool for the conspiracy theorist, in most western countries the press has liberty to publish conspiracy theories and there are even some magazines such as the â€Å"Sceptic† magazine which is available worldwide. The freedom of the media aids the governments awareness that they could very publicly be caught out in a conspiracy. Being caught amongst a conspiracy would be tragic for any democratic government since they would lose so much public support which is necessary as one of the most important things to them is being re-elected. Because governments need public support so much they would indeed be very careful about the conspiracies attempted under their power. While most conspiracies are prompted by nefarious motivations the same is not true for conspiracy theories. I believe the key to the morality of either are the intentions of the conspirators or the theorists, regardless of the outcome. The varying morality of conspiracy theorizing and even conspiracies themselves can be explained by the doctrine of double effect. This doctrine states that an action that results in harm is morally permissible if it is the side effect of a morally good initiative. The doctrine proposes that if doing something intended to be morally good has a morally bad consequence as a side-effect then it is ethically permissible on the condition that the morally bad side-effect wasn’t intended even if it was foreseen to probably happen. An important feature of the doctrine states that the good result must be brought about independent of the bad one, the bad result must not be the means to the good result. To assist in helping my point about the difference in moral permissibility I will use the following hypothetical example: There is a large munitions factory set to be bombed by a bomber pilot. The pilot knows the munitions factory is next to an orphanage and that as a result of bombing the munitions factory a collateral of 2,000 civilian casualties are predicted. However bombing the munitions factory will defeat the enemy and protect other lives. I contend that the actions of the bomber may be morally permissible. However, if I alter the case just slightly: A bomber pilot is set to bomb a munitions factory. The pilot knows that the munitions factory is next to an orphanage and that 2,000 civilian casualties are predicted. In fact, bombing the munitions factory is the fastest and easiest way to cause such a number of casualties and this is why the bomber has chosen to bomb the factory. This will weaken the enemy’s esolve with the side-effect of getting rid of their munitions factory. I contend that in this instance the bomber’s action is obviously morally impermissible. Though this example seems unrelated to conspiracies and conspiracy theorizing it illustrates how the motivation behind an action deems its status of morality. In the case of conspiracy theorizing, a moral conspiracy theory would be one where the theorist truly believes they have uncovered a nefarious conspiracy and that by exposing it to the public they would be greatly benefitting society. The doctrine of double effect would apply for instance in the following two cases: In the first scenario Mandy notices lots of errant data regarding actions made by the government. Adding this data up Mandy believes she has unravelled a nefarious and underhanded scheme by government officials. Mandy truly believes that citizens ought to be aware of this conspiracy and that publicizing her conspiracy theory is in society’s best interest. Mandy knows that her theory negatively implicates many government officials and could be very harmful if she turns out to be wrong. In this case, regardless of whether or not Mandy’s claims turn out to be true her initial motivations were for the good of society. This is similar to the first scenario of the pilot bombing the munitions factory in that the bad result is just a side-effect of the morally good intention. I propose that in this way conspiracy theorizing can be morally just and in the cases where the theorist is proven correct society is reminded of the benefits of conspiracy theorizing. In the second case Mandy, who has been fired from her position in government administration notices the same errant data. Mandy links this data together and formulates a conspiracy theory which negatively implicates her previous superiors. While Mandy in this scenario may also have the intentions of publicizing her conspiracy theory in order to make people aware of a nefarious scheme on the part of the government, she is still motivated by the thought of harming the reputation of her previous superiors. In this case the doctrine states that Mandy’s actions were morally wrong as the morally wrong result was not a side effect of the morally good action. Rather, the morally wrong result of harming her previous superiors was one f the two intended concequences so in this case conspiracy theorizing would be morally wrong. Even though the two scenarios may have the same consequence it is the difference in motivation that alters the moral permissibility. I postulate that this is the same for all conspiracy theories, this means that when motivated by the intention to benefit society conspiracy theorizing is morally permissible. In the case of the September 11 terrorist attacks the moral permissibility of conspiracy theories surrounding the event depend on the intentions of the conspiracy theorists. If the intentions of the theorist are to benefit society by making us aware of a nefarious conspiracy surrounding the government of the United States then I propose that conspiracy theorizing would be morally justifiable. Though the United States government is portrayed to be nefarious and underhanded in this conspiracy theory if this is not the intended result of the conspiracy theorist but a negative side-effect brought about by the good action then conspiracy theorizing in this instance would remain morally justified. However, if the intention of the conspiracy theorist was to undermine the government by weakening the trust between them and their citizens then I conclude that conspiracy theorizing for this purpose (despite any morally good side-effects) is morally unjust. As I have shown clearly in my essay there are many situations in which conspiracy theorizing is a moral good. It is obvious that conspiracy theorizing is beneficial to our society as it pressures the government to work for the well-being of their citizens as they are prepared to be scrutinized. Conspiracy theorizing is also morally justified by the benefits it lends to individuals freedom of speech as well as the freedom of the press. As I have explained in this essay, the doctrine of double effect illustrates how the moral permissibility of conspiracy theorizing often rests upon each conspiracy theorists motivations. I conclude that while most conspiracies are the results of nefarious motivations the same is not true for conspiracy theorizing, instead conspiracy theorists are often motivated to benefit society in some way or another and in these cases their conspiracy theorizing is morally justifiable.